Derechos de autor 2020 Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Validación de requisitos no funcionales bajo el enfoque de la gestión del conocimiento
Corresponding Author(s) : Sandra Lorena Buitrón Ruiz
Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías,
Vol. 8 Núm. 3 (2020): Numero especial - XV Jornadas iberoamericanas de Ingeniería de Software e Ingeniería del Conocimiento - JIISIC 2020
Resumen
Objetivo: Validar los requisitos es una actividad importante en el desarrollo de software ya que permite acordar los requisitos de software, tanto funcionales como no funcionales, buscando que sean completos, consistentes y no ambiguos. Una adecuada validación de los requisitos no funcionales beneficia la calidad del producto software, ya que estos requisitos están directamente relacionados con ella. En este sentido, este artículo aborda, desde un enfoque de gestión de conocimiento, las dificultades que se presentan en el desarrollo de software por una inadecuada validación de este tipo de requisitos. Metodología: Se proponen, un modelo conceptual del proceso de validación para requisitos no funcionales, y un proceso para la validación de requisitos no funcionales. Resultados: Esta propuesta ha sido evaluada preliminarmente, a través del método de focus group en el cual participaron profesionales con experiencia en validación de requisitos, con resultados positivos frente a la relevancia, aplicabilidad y claridad del proceso de validación. Se destacan resultados frente al aporte de las técnicas de validación en las etapas de planeación del desarrollo y pruebas del producto software, dado que apoyan la productividad del proceso de desarrollo de software.Conclusiones: El proceso de validación integra elementos concretos de la gestión de conocimiento, y permite la simplificación de la identificación, captura, especificación e incluso el análisis, de los requisitos no funcionales, al poder establecer un formato único y estructurado el cual puede ser gestionado durante la ejecución de éstas actividades.
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- ISO/IEC, "ISO/IEC 25010 Systems and software engineering -- Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) -- System and software quality models," First Edition ed, 2011.
- L. E. Mendoza, M. A. Perez, A. Griman, and M. Ortega, "Análisis del Impacto del Proceso de Desarrollo en las Características de Calidad de Software," in Ideas, 2003.
- K. Pohl, Requirements engineering: fundamentals, principles, and techniques: Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated, 2010.
- S. Dragicevic, S. Celar, and L. Novak, "Use of method for elicitation, documentation, and validation of software user requirements (MEDoV) in agile software development projects," in 2014 Sixth International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks, 2014, pp. 65-70, IEEE.
- R. A. Zahniser, "Building software in groups" American Programmer, vol. 3(7-8), 1990.
- K. Wiegers and J. Beatty, Software requirements: Pearson Education, 2013.
- T. Ambreen, N. Ikram, M. Usman, and M. Niazi, "Empirical research in requirements engineering: trends and opportunities" Requirements Engineering, vol. 23(1), pp. 63-95, 2018/03/01 2018.DOI: 10.1007/s00766-016-0258-2.
- F. Ricca, M. Torchiano, M. Di Penta, M. Ceccato, and P. Tonella, "Using acceptance tests as a support for clarifying requirements: A series of experiments" Information and Software Technology, vol. 51(2), pp. 270-283, 2009.
- D. M. Berry and E. Kamsties, "Ambiguity in requirements specification," in Perspectives on software requirements, ed: Springer, 2004, pp. 7-44.
- H. U. Khan, I. Asghar, S. A. A. Ghayyur, and M. Raza, "An empirical study of software requirements verification and validation techniques along their mitigation strategies" Asian Journal of Computer and Information Systems, vol. 3(3), 2015.
- A. Casamayor, D. Godoy, and M. Campo, "Identification of non-functional requirements in textual specifications: A semi-supervised learning approach" Information and Software Technology, vol. 52(4), pp. 436-445, 2010.
- P. Anitha and B. Prabhu, "Integrating requirements engineering and user experience design in product life cycle management," in 2012 First International Workshop on Usability and Accessibility Focused Requirements Engineering (UsARE), 2012, pp. 12-17, IEEE.
- T. Dingsøyr, F. O. Bjørnson, and F. Shull, "What do we know about knowledge management? Practical implications for software engineering" IEEE Software, vol. 26(3), pp. 100-103, 2009.
- A. Aurum, F. Daneshgar, and J. Ward, "Investigating Knowledge Management practices in software development organisations–An Australian experience" Information and Software Technology, vol. 50(6), pp. 511-533, 2008.
- L. Mathiassen and P. Pourkomeylian, "Managing knowledge in a software organization" Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 7(2), pp. 63-80, 2003.
- O. Rodríguez-Elías and A. Martínez García, "Diseño de sistemas y estrategias de gestión del conocimiento: Un enfoque metodológico orientado a procesos y flujos de conocimiento" Editorial Académica Española, 2011.
- F. J. Pino, M. Piattini, and G. Horta Travassos, "Managing and developing distributed research projects in software engineering by means of action-research" Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia, (68), pp. 61-74, 2013.
- K. Petersen, R. Feldt, S. Mujtaba, and M. Mattsson, "Systematic Mapping Studies in Software Engineering," in EASE, 2008, pp. 68-77.
- V. Gervasi and B. Nuseibeh, "Lightweight validation of natural language requirements" Software: Practice and Experience, vol. 32(2), pp. 113-133, 2002.
- T. H. Nguyen, B. Q. Vo, M. Lumpe, and J. Grundy, "KBRE: a framework for knowledge-based requirements engineering" Software Quality Journal, vol. 22(1), pp. 87-119, 2014.
- M. M. Marciszack, R. Pérez, and C. Castro, "Validación de Requerimientos a través de Modelos Conceptuales," in XV Workshop de Investigadores en Ciencias de la Computación, 2013.
- M. Ahmad, N. Belloir, and J.-M. Bruel, "Modeling and verification of functional and non-functional requirements of ambient self-adaptive systems" Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 107pp. 50-70, 2015.
- J. Zhou, Y. Lu, and K. Lundqvist, "The observer-based technique for requirements validation in embedded real-time systems," in 2014 IEEE 1st International Workshop on Requirements Engineering and Testing (RET), 2014, pp. 47-54, IEEE.
- J. Domínguez, P. R. Dapena, and S. SoftWcare, "Verificación de los requisitos no funcionales en el software crítico," in Forum Calidad, 2003, pp. 25-31.
- M. A. Chaves, "La ingeniería de requerimientos y su importancia en el desarrollo de proyectos de software" InterSedes: Revista de las Sedes Regionales, vol. 6(10), pp. 1-13, 2005.
- O. Romero and A. Abelló, "Automatic validation of requirements to support multidimensional design" Data & Knowledge Engineering, vol. 69(9), pp. 917-942, 2010.
- E. Parra, C. Dimou, J. Llorens, V. Moreno, and A. Fraga, "A methodology for the classification of quality of requirements using machine learning techniques" Information and Software Technology, vol. 67pp. 180-195, 2015.
- A. Kokune, M. Mizuno, K. Kadoya, and S. Yamamoto, "FBCM: Strategy modeling method for the validation of software requirements" Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 80(3), pp. 314-327, 2007.
- E. Bjarnason, P. Runeson, M. Borg, M. Unterkalmsteiner, E. Engström, B. Regnell, et al., "Challenges and practices in aligning requirements with verification and validation: a case study of six companies" Empirical software engineering, vol. 19(6), pp. 1809-1855, 2014.
- I. Sommerville, "Ingeniería de software" 2011.
- IEEE, "IEEE 830 Recommended Practice for Software Requirements Specifications," ed. USA and Canada: IEEE Computer Society, 1998.
- ISO/IEC/IEEE, "ISO/IEC/IEEE 29148:2011 Systems and software engineering -- Life cycle processes -- Requirements engineering," vol. 2018, Fist Edition ed, 2011.
- R. R. Young, The requirements engineering handbook: Artech House, 2004.
- ISO/IEC, "ISO/IEC 25023:2016 Systems and software engineering — Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) — Measurement of system and software product quality," ed, 2016, p. 45.
- K. Dalkir, Knowledge management in theory and practice: Routledge, 2013.
- I. Nonaka, R. Toyama, and N. Konno, "SECI, Ba and leadership: a unified model of dynamic knowledge creation" Long range planning, vol. 33(1), pp. 5-34, 2000.
- B. Flores-Ríos, "Model de evolución de la gestión del conocimiento en mipymes, de acuerdo al nivel de madurez en un programa de mejora de procesos de software" Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, 2016.
- M. Mendoza-Moreno, C. González-Serrano, and F. J. Pino, "Focus group como proceso en ingeniería de software: una experiencia desde la práctica" Dyna, vol. 80(181), pp. 51-60, 2013.
- S. L. Buitrón, B. L. Flores-Rios, and F. J. Pino, "Elicitación de requisitos no funcionales basada en la gestión de conocimiento de los stakeholders" Ingeniare. Revista chilena de ingeniería, vol. 26(1), pp. 142-156, 2018.
Referencias
ISO/IEC, "ISO/IEC 25010 Systems and software engineering -- Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) -- System and software quality models," First Edition ed, 2011.
L. E. Mendoza, M. A. Perez, A. Griman, and M. Ortega, "Análisis del Impacto del Proceso de Desarrollo en las Características de Calidad de Software," in Ideas, 2003.
K. Pohl, Requirements engineering: fundamentals, principles, and techniques: Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated, 2010.
S. Dragicevic, S. Celar, and L. Novak, "Use of method for elicitation, documentation, and validation of software user requirements (MEDoV) in agile software development projects," in 2014 Sixth International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks, 2014, pp. 65-70, IEEE.
R. A. Zahniser, "Building software in groups" American Programmer, vol. 3(7-8), 1990.
K. Wiegers and J. Beatty, Software requirements: Pearson Education, 2013.
T. Ambreen, N. Ikram, M. Usman, and M. Niazi, "Empirical research in requirements engineering: trends and opportunities" Requirements Engineering, vol. 23(1), pp. 63-95, 2018/03/01 2018.DOI: 10.1007/s00766-016-0258-2.
F. Ricca, M. Torchiano, M. Di Penta, M. Ceccato, and P. Tonella, "Using acceptance tests as a support for clarifying requirements: A series of experiments" Information and Software Technology, vol. 51(2), pp. 270-283, 2009.
D. M. Berry and E. Kamsties, "Ambiguity in requirements specification," in Perspectives on software requirements, ed: Springer, 2004, pp. 7-44.
H. U. Khan, I. Asghar, S. A. A. Ghayyur, and M. Raza, "An empirical study of software requirements verification and validation techniques along their mitigation strategies" Asian Journal of Computer and Information Systems, vol. 3(3), 2015.
A. Casamayor, D. Godoy, and M. Campo, "Identification of non-functional requirements in textual specifications: A semi-supervised learning approach" Information and Software Technology, vol. 52(4), pp. 436-445, 2010.
P. Anitha and B. Prabhu, "Integrating requirements engineering and user experience design in product life cycle management," in 2012 First International Workshop on Usability and Accessibility Focused Requirements Engineering (UsARE), 2012, pp. 12-17, IEEE.
T. Dingsøyr, F. O. Bjørnson, and F. Shull, "What do we know about knowledge management? Practical implications for software engineering" IEEE Software, vol. 26(3), pp. 100-103, 2009.
A. Aurum, F. Daneshgar, and J. Ward, "Investigating Knowledge Management practices in software development organisations–An Australian experience" Information and Software Technology, vol. 50(6), pp. 511-533, 2008.
L. Mathiassen and P. Pourkomeylian, "Managing knowledge in a software organization" Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 7(2), pp. 63-80, 2003.
O. Rodríguez-Elías and A. Martínez García, "Diseño de sistemas y estrategias de gestión del conocimiento: Un enfoque metodológico orientado a procesos y flujos de conocimiento" Editorial Académica Española, 2011.
F. J. Pino, M. Piattini, and G. Horta Travassos, "Managing and developing distributed research projects in software engineering by means of action-research" Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia, (68), pp. 61-74, 2013.
K. Petersen, R. Feldt, S. Mujtaba, and M. Mattsson, "Systematic Mapping Studies in Software Engineering," in EASE, 2008, pp. 68-77.
V. Gervasi and B. Nuseibeh, "Lightweight validation of natural language requirements" Software: Practice and Experience, vol. 32(2), pp. 113-133, 2002.
T. H. Nguyen, B. Q. Vo, M. Lumpe, and J. Grundy, "KBRE: a framework for knowledge-based requirements engineering" Software Quality Journal, vol. 22(1), pp. 87-119, 2014.
M. M. Marciszack, R. Pérez, and C. Castro, "Validación de Requerimientos a través de Modelos Conceptuales," in XV Workshop de Investigadores en Ciencias de la Computación, 2013.
M. Ahmad, N. Belloir, and J.-M. Bruel, "Modeling and verification of functional and non-functional requirements of ambient self-adaptive systems" Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 107pp. 50-70, 2015.
J. Zhou, Y. Lu, and K. Lundqvist, "The observer-based technique for requirements validation in embedded real-time systems," in 2014 IEEE 1st International Workshop on Requirements Engineering and Testing (RET), 2014, pp. 47-54, IEEE.
J. Domínguez, P. R. Dapena, and S. SoftWcare, "Verificación de los requisitos no funcionales en el software crítico," in Forum Calidad, 2003, pp. 25-31.
M. A. Chaves, "La ingeniería de requerimientos y su importancia en el desarrollo de proyectos de software" InterSedes: Revista de las Sedes Regionales, vol. 6(10), pp. 1-13, 2005.
O. Romero and A. Abelló, "Automatic validation of requirements to support multidimensional design" Data & Knowledge Engineering, vol. 69(9), pp. 917-942, 2010.
E. Parra, C. Dimou, J. Llorens, V. Moreno, and A. Fraga, "A methodology for the classification of quality of requirements using machine learning techniques" Information and Software Technology, vol. 67pp. 180-195, 2015.
A. Kokune, M. Mizuno, K. Kadoya, and S. Yamamoto, "FBCM: Strategy modeling method for the validation of software requirements" Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 80(3), pp. 314-327, 2007.
E. Bjarnason, P. Runeson, M. Borg, M. Unterkalmsteiner, E. Engström, B. Regnell, et al., "Challenges and practices in aligning requirements with verification and validation: a case study of six companies" Empirical software engineering, vol. 19(6), pp. 1809-1855, 2014.
I. Sommerville, "Ingeniería de software" 2011.
IEEE, "IEEE 830 Recommended Practice for Software Requirements Specifications," ed. USA and Canada: IEEE Computer Society, 1998.
ISO/IEC/IEEE, "ISO/IEC/IEEE 29148:2011 Systems and software engineering -- Life cycle processes -- Requirements engineering," vol. 2018, Fist Edition ed, 2011.
R. R. Young, The requirements engineering handbook: Artech House, 2004.
ISO/IEC, "ISO/IEC 25023:2016 Systems and software engineering — Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) — Measurement of system and software product quality," ed, 2016, p. 45.
K. Dalkir, Knowledge management in theory and practice: Routledge, 2013.
I. Nonaka, R. Toyama, and N. Konno, "SECI, Ba and leadership: a unified model of dynamic knowledge creation" Long range planning, vol. 33(1), pp. 5-34, 2000.
B. Flores-Ríos, "Model de evolución de la gestión del conocimiento en mipymes, de acuerdo al nivel de madurez en un programa de mejora de procesos de software" Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, 2016.
M. Mendoza-Moreno, C. González-Serrano, and F. J. Pino, "Focus group como proceso en ingeniería de software: una experiencia desde la práctica" Dyna, vol. 80(181), pp. 51-60, 2013.
S. L. Buitrón, B. L. Flores-Rios, and F. J. Pino, "Elicitación de requisitos no funcionales basada en la gestión de conocimiento de los stakeholders" Ingeniare. Revista chilena de ingeniería, vol. 26(1), pp. 142-156, 2018.