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Propuesta de diseño de una red inalámbrica de sensores y actuadores para riego, con tecnología de internet de las cosas (IoT)
Corresponding Author(s) : Jhonathan Paolo Tovar Soto
jptovars@unal.edu.co
Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías,
Vol. 10 Núm. 1 (2022): Enero-Junio
Resumen
Objetivo: este trabajo presenta una selección detallada de tecnologías loT para el diseño de una infraestructura de monitoreo de humedad ambiental para el control del riego de cultivos. Metodología: el diseño del prototipo se apoyó en estudios previos realizados por los autores y en pruebas realizadas en 2019 en la Finca el Porvenir en Cundinamarca, Colombia, con el fin de determinar la mejor opción para implementar en el campo mediante el uso del software Python, y elementos como la Raspberry Pi y la placa de desarrollo TTGO. Resultados: para determinar la funcionalidad del software y el hardware del sistema, se realizaron diferentes pruebas estáticas del prototipo a través del monitoreo de humedad y temperatura ambiente por medio del sensor DHT22, cuya información es enviada desde un nodo transmisor a un nodo receptor en un concentrador para, posteriormente, guardar la información en una base de datos y, finalmente, obtener las gráficas del comportamiento de la humedad relativa, la temperatura, y el accionamiento del elemento de control (válvula solenoide). Conclusiones: con esta información es posible demostrar la efectividad del prototipo, la posibilidad de conexión remota con el protocolo LoRa y el manejo y gestión de la información de diferentes zonas de cultivo a través de la GUI en la Raspberry Pi, generando una solución de bajo costo para el acceso de pequeños y medianos productores en zonas rurales de Colombia.
Palabras clave
Aplicación rural, comunicaciones inalámbricas, protocolo LoRa, riego automático, WSAN.
[1]
J. P. Tovar Soto, O. L. García Navarrete, y L. C. Gutiérrez Martínez, «Propuesta de diseño de una red inalámbrica de sensores y actuadores para riego, con tecnología de internet de las cosas (IoT)», Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías, vol. 10, n.º 1, pp. 99–123, abr. 2022.
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Referencias
-
[1] United Nations. Sustainable Development Goals. 17 Goals to Transform Our World 2015. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/.
[2] García L, Parra L, Jimenez JM, Lloret J, Lorenz P. IoT-based smart irrigation systems: An overview on the recent trends on sensors and IoT systems for irrigation in precision agriculture. Sensors 2020;20:1042.
[3] FAO. El estado mundial de la agricultura y la alimentación 2020: Superar los desafí os relacionados con el agua en la agricultura. Food \& Agriculture Org.; n.d.
[4] Kumar SV, Singh CD, Upendar K. Review on IoT Based Precision Irrigation System in Agriculture. Curr J Appl Sci Technol 2020:15–26.
[5] Chavarro D, Vélez MI, Tovar G, Montenegro I, Hernández A, Olaya A. Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en Colombia y el aporte de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación. Doc Trab 2017;1.
[6] Rubio MA. Innovación y desarrollo sostenible: el papel de las TIC en la agricultura del medio rural remoto. Desarro Local Sosten 2019.
[7] Tovar Soto JP, Solórzano Suárez JD los S, Badillo Rodríguez A, Rodríguez Cainaba GO. Internet de las cosas aplicado a la agricultura: estado actual. Lámpsakos 2019. https://doi.org/10.21501/21454086.3253.
[8] Rodrigues T, Delicato FC, Batista T, Pires PF, Pirmez L. An approach based on the domain perspective to develop WSAN applications. Softw Syst Model 2017;16:949–77.
[9] Ragavan S, Thangavel R. Gsm Based Low Cost Smart Irrigation System with Wireless Valve Control. Int J Sensors Sens Networks 2017;5:54–62.
[10] Coates RW, Delwiche MJ, Broad A, Holler M. Wireless sensor network with irrigation valve control. Comput Electron Agric 2013;96:13–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2013.04.013.
[11] Usmonov M, Gregoretti F. Design and implementation of a LoRa based wireless control for drip irrigation systems. 2017 2nd Int. Conf. Robot. Autom. Eng., 2017, p. 248–53. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAE.2017.8291389.
[12] Ramachandran V, Ramalakshmi R, Srinivasan S. An Automated Irrigation System for Smart Agriculture Using the Internet of Things. 2018 15th Int. Conf. Control. Autom. Robot. Vis., 2018, p. 210–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2018.8581221.
[13] Ahmad N, Hussain A, Ullah I, Zaidi BH. IOT based Wireless Sensor Network for Precision Agriculture. 2019 7th Int. Electr. Eng. Congr., 2019, p. 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/iEECON45304.2019.8938854.
[14] Lou X, Zhang L, Zhang X, Fan J, xue Hu, Li C. Design of Intelligent Farmland Environment Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network. J Phys Conf Ser 2020;1635:12031. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1635/1/012031.
[15] Islam A, Akter K, Nipu NJ, Das A, Mahbubur Rahman M, Rahman M. IoT Based Power Efficient Agro Field Monitoring and Irrigation Control System : An Empirical Implementation in Precision Agriculture. 2018 Int. Conf. Innov. Sci. Eng. Technol., 2018, p. 372–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICISET.2018.8745605.
[16] Tiglao NM, Alipio M, Balanay JV, Saldivar E, Tiston JL. Agrinex: A low-cost wireless mesh-based smart irrigation system. Measurement 2020;161:107874. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2020.107874.
[17] Tovar Soto JP, Pareja Figueredo CF, García Navarrete OL, Gutiérrez Martinez LC. Performance evaluation of LoRa technology for agricultural applications in rural areas. DYNA 2021;88:69–78. https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v88n216.88258.
[18] Lozada J. Investigación aplicada: Definición, propiedad intelectual e industria. CienciAmérica Rev Divulg Científica La Univ Tecnológica Indoamérica 2014;3:47–50.
[19] Kannadhasan S, Shanmuganantham M. Agriculture Monitoring and Smart Irrigation System Based on Wireless Sensors. Int J Sensors Sens Networks 2019;7:51.
[20] Gajjar S, Kothari D, Upadhyay M, Dhingra V. FARMNET: Agriculture support system using Wireless Sensor and Actuator Network. 2017 Int. Conf. Wirel. Commun. Signal Process. Netw., 2017, p. 291–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/WiSPNET.2017.8299765.
[21] Supreetha MA, Mundada MR, Pooja JN, others. Design of a smart water-saving irrigation system for agriculture based on a wireless sensor network for better crop yield. Int. Conf. Commun. Cyber Phys. Eng. 2018, 2018, p. 93–104.
[22] Naveen N, Deepashree RK, Hemashree K, Sirisha V, Kiran Kumar R, Shiva Reddy M V. Automatic Drip Irrigation System by Deploying IOT On Agriculture n.d.
[23] Jiang X, Chen M, Chen W. Design and Implementation of Intelligent Controller of Low Voltage Solenoid Valve Based on ZigBee. 2018 37th Chinese Control Conf., 2018, p. 7066–9. https://doi.org/10.23919/ChiCC.2018.8484092.
[24] Bogdanoff M, Tayeb S. An ISM-Band Automated Irrigation System for Agriculture IoT. 2020 IEEE Int. IOT, Electron. Mechatronics Conf., 2020, p. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMTRONICS51293.2020.9216351.
[25] Kumar G. Precision Water Irrigation System for Agriculture using IoT Framework. Int J Mod Agric 2021;10:718–24.
[26] D. Heredia Acevedo, Y. F. Ceballos, y G. Sanchez Torres, "Modelo de simulación de eventos discretos para el análisis y mejora del proceso de atención al cliente", Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías, vol. 8, n.º 2, pp. 44-61, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17081/invinno.8.2.3639
[27] K. Polo Bornachera., D.D. López Juvinao, and A. Henríquez Jaramillo, “Transferencia tecnológica para la producción limpia en la minería de materiales aluviales en La Guajira, Colombia,” Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías ., vol. 8, pp. 6–20, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17081/invinno.8.1.3535
[28] Yuan ZX, Kang LX, Xin ZL, Chao SY. Irrigation remote control system based on LoRa intelligence. J Phys Conf Ser 2020;1635:12067. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1635/1/012067.
Referencias
[1] United Nations. Sustainable Development Goals. 17 Goals to Transform Our World 2015. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/.
[2] García L, Parra L, Jimenez JM, Lloret J, Lorenz P. IoT-based smart irrigation systems: An overview on the recent trends on sensors and IoT systems for irrigation in precision agriculture. Sensors 2020;20:1042.
[3] FAO. El estado mundial de la agricultura y la alimentación 2020: Superar los desafí os relacionados con el agua en la agricultura. Food \& Agriculture Org.; n.d.
[4] Kumar SV, Singh CD, Upendar K. Review on IoT Based Precision Irrigation System in Agriculture. Curr J Appl Sci Technol 2020:15–26.
[5] Chavarro D, Vélez MI, Tovar G, Montenegro I, Hernández A, Olaya A. Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en Colombia y el aporte de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación. Doc Trab 2017;1.
[6] Rubio MA. Innovación y desarrollo sostenible: el papel de las TIC en la agricultura del medio rural remoto. Desarro Local Sosten 2019.
[7] Tovar Soto JP, Solórzano Suárez JD los S, Badillo Rodríguez A, Rodríguez Cainaba GO. Internet de las cosas aplicado a la agricultura: estado actual. Lámpsakos 2019. https://doi.org/10.21501/21454086.3253.
[8] Rodrigues T, Delicato FC, Batista T, Pires PF, Pirmez L. An approach based on the domain perspective to develop WSAN applications. Softw Syst Model 2017;16:949–77.
[9] Ragavan S, Thangavel R. Gsm Based Low Cost Smart Irrigation System with Wireless Valve Control. Int J Sensors Sens Networks 2017;5:54–62.
[10] Coates RW, Delwiche MJ, Broad A, Holler M. Wireless sensor network with irrigation valve control. Comput Electron Agric 2013;96:13–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2013.04.013.
[11] Usmonov M, Gregoretti F. Design and implementation of a LoRa based wireless control for drip irrigation systems. 2017 2nd Int. Conf. Robot. Autom. Eng., 2017, p. 248–53. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAE.2017.8291389.
[12] Ramachandran V, Ramalakshmi R, Srinivasan S. An Automated Irrigation System for Smart Agriculture Using the Internet of Things. 2018 15th Int. Conf. Control. Autom. Robot. Vis., 2018, p. 210–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2018.8581221.
[13] Ahmad N, Hussain A, Ullah I, Zaidi BH. IOT based Wireless Sensor Network for Precision Agriculture. 2019 7th Int. Electr. Eng. Congr., 2019, p. 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/iEECON45304.2019.8938854.
[14] Lou X, Zhang L, Zhang X, Fan J, xue Hu, Li C. Design of Intelligent Farmland Environment Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network. J Phys Conf Ser 2020;1635:12031. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1635/1/012031.
[15] Islam A, Akter K, Nipu NJ, Das A, Mahbubur Rahman M, Rahman M. IoT Based Power Efficient Agro Field Monitoring and Irrigation Control System : An Empirical Implementation in Precision Agriculture. 2018 Int. Conf. Innov. Sci. Eng. Technol., 2018, p. 372–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICISET.2018.8745605.
[16] Tiglao NM, Alipio M, Balanay JV, Saldivar E, Tiston JL. Agrinex: A low-cost wireless mesh-based smart irrigation system. Measurement 2020;161:107874. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2020.107874.
[17] Tovar Soto JP, Pareja Figueredo CF, García Navarrete OL, Gutiérrez Martinez LC. Performance evaluation of LoRa technology for agricultural applications in rural areas. DYNA 2021;88:69–78. https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v88n216.88258.
[18] Lozada J. Investigación aplicada: Definición, propiedad intelectual e industria. CienciAmérica Rev Divulg Científica La Univ Tecnológica Indoamérica 2014;3:47–50.
[19] Kannadhasan S, Shanmuganantham M. Agriculture Monitoring and Smart Irrigation System Based on Wireless Sensors. Int J Sensors Sens Networks 2019;7:51.
[20] Gajjar S, Kothari D, Upadhyay M, Dhingra V. FARMNET: Agriculture support system using Wireless Sensor and Actuator Network. 2017 Int. Conf. Wirel. Commun. Signal Process. Netw., 2017, p. 291–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/WiSPNET.2017.8299765.
[21] Supreetha MA, Mundada MR, Pooja JN, others. Design of a smart water-saving irrigation system for agriculture based on a wireless sensor network for better crop yield. Int. Conf. Commun. Cyber Phys. Eng. 2018, 2018, p. 93–104.
[22] Naveen N, Deepashree RK, Hemashree K, Sirisha V, Kiran Kumar R, Shiva Reddy M V. Automatic Drip Irrigation System by Deploying IOT On Agriculture n.d.
[23] Jiang X, Chen M, Chen W. Design and Implementation of Intelligent Controller of Low Voltage Solenoid Valve Based on ZigBee. 2018 37th Chinese Control Conf., 2018, p. 7066–9. https://doi.org/10.23919/ChiCC.2018.8484092.
[24] Bogdanoff M, Tayeb S. An ISM-Band Automated Irrigation System for Agriculture IoT. 2020 IEEE Int. IOT, Electron. Mechatronics Conf., 2020, p. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMTRONICS51293.2020.9216351.
[25] Kumar G. Precision Water Irrigation System for Agriculture using IoT Framework. Int J Mod Agric 2021;10:718–24.
[26] D. Heredia Acevedo, Y. F. Ceballos, y G. Sanchez Torres, "Modelo de simulación de eventos discretos para el análisis y mejora del proceso de atención al cliente", Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías, vol. 8, n.º 2, pp. 44-61, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17081/invinno.8.2.3639
[27] K. Polo Bornachera., D.D. López Juvinao, and A. Henríquez Jaramillo, “Transferencia tecnológica para la producción limpia en la minería de materiales aluviales en La Guajira, Colombia,” Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías ., vol. 8, pp. 6–20, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17081/invinno.8.1.3535
[28] Yuan ZX, Kang LX, Xin ZL, Chao SY. Irrigation remote control system based on LoRa intelligence. J Phys Conf Ser 2020;1635:12067. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1635/1/012067.
[2] García L, Parra L, Jimenez JM, Lloret J, Lorenz P. IoT-based smart irrigation systems: An overview on the recent trends on sensors and IoT systems for irrigation in precision agriculture. Sensors 2020;20:1042.
[3] FAO. El estado mundial de la agricultura y la alimentación 2020: Superar los desafí os relacionados con el agua en la agricultura. Food \& Agriculture Org.; n.d.
[4] Kumar SV, Singh CD, Upendar K. Review on IoT Based Precision Irrigation System in Agriculture. Curr J Appl Sci Technol 2020:15–26.
[5] Chavarro D, Vélez MI, Tovar G, Montenegro I, Hernández A, Olaya A. Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en Colombia y el aporte de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación. Doc Trab 2017;1.
[6] Rubio MA. Innovación y desarrollo sostenible: el papel de las TIC en la agricultura del medio rural remoto. Desarro Local Sosten 2019.
[7] Tovar Soto JP, Solórzano Suárez JD los S, Badillo Rodríguez A, Rodríguez Cainaba GO. Internet de las cosas aplicado a la agricultura: estado actual. Lámpsakos 2019. https://doi.org/10.21501/21454086.3253.
[8] Rodrigues T, Delicato FC, Batista T, Pires PF, Pirmez L. An approach based on the domain perspective to develop WSAN applications. Softw Syst Model 2017;16:949–77.
[9] Ragavan S, Thangavel R. Gsm Based Low Cost Smart Irrigation System with Wireless Valve Control. Int J Sensors Sens Networks 2017;5:54–62.
[10] Coates RW, Delwiche MJ, Broad A, Holler M. Wireless sensor network with irrigation valve control. Comput Electron Agric 2013;96:13–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2013.04.013.
[11] Usmonov M, Gregoretti F. Design and implementation of a LoRa based wireless control for drip irrigation systems. 2017 2nd Int. Conf. Robot. Autom. Eng., 2017, p. 248–53. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRAE.2017.8291389.
[12] Ramachandran V, Ramalakshmi R, Srinivasan S. An Automated Irrigation System for Smart Agriculture Using the Internet of Things. 2018 15th Int. Conf. Control. Autom. Robot. Vis., 2018, p. 210–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2018.8581221.
[13] Ahmad N, Hussain A, Ullah I, Zaidi BH. IOT based Wireless Sensor Network for Precision Agriculture. 2019 7th Int. Electr. Eng. Congr., 2019, p. 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/iEECON45304.2019.8938854.
[14] Lou X, Zhang L, Zhang X, Fan J, xue Hu, Li C. Design of Intelligent Farmland Environment Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network. J Phys Conf Ser 2020;1635:12031. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1635/1/012031.
[15] Islam A, Akter K, Nipu NJ, Das A, Mahbubur Rahman M, Rahman M. IoT Based Power Efficient Agro Field Monitoring and Irrigation Control System : An Empirical Implementation in Precision Agriculture. 2018 Int. Conf. Innov. Sci. Eng. Technol., 2018, p. 372–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICISET.2018.8745605.
[16] Tiglao NM, Alipio M, Balanay JV, Saldivar E, Tiston JL. Agrinex: A low-cost wireless mesh-based smart irrigation system. Measurement 2020;161:107874. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2020.107874.
[17] Tovar Soto JP, Pareja Figueredo CF, García Navarrete OL, Gutiérrez Martinez LC. Performance evaluation of LoRa technology for agricultural applications in rural areas. DYNA 2021;88:69–78. https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v88n216.88258.
[18] Lozada J. Investigación aplicada: Definición, propiedad intelectual e industria. CienciAmérica Rev Divulg Científica La Univ Tecnológica Indoamérica 2014;3:47–50.
[19] Kannadhasan S, Shanmuganantham M. Agriculture Monitoring and Smart Irrigation System Based on Wireless Sensors. Int J Sensors Sens Networks 2019;7:51.
[20] Gajjar S, Kothari D, Upadhyay M, Dhingra V. FARMNET: Agriculture support system using Wireless Sensor and Actuator Network. 2017 Int. Conf. Wirel. Commun. Signal Process. Netw., 2017, p. 291–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/WiSPNET.2017.8299765.
[21] Supreetha MA, Mundada MR, Pooja JN, others. Design of a smart water-saving irrigation system for agriculture based on a wireless sensor network for better crop yield. Int. Conf. Commun. Cyber Phys. Eng. 2018, 2018, p. 93–104.
[22] Naveen N, Deepashree RK, Hemashree K, Sirisha V, Kiran Kumar R, Shiva Reddy M V. Automatic Drip Irrigation System by Deploying IOT On Agriculture n.d.
[23] Jiang X, Chen M, Chen W. Design and Implementation of Intelligent Controller of Low Voltage Solenoid Valve Based on ZigBee. 2018 37th Chinese Control Conf., 2018, p. 7066–9. https://doi.org/10.23919/ChiCC.2018.8484092.
[24] Bogdanoff M, Tayeb S. An ISM-Band Automated Irrigation System for Agriculture IoT. 2020 IEEE Int. IOT, Electron. Mechatronics Conf., 2020, p. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMTRONICS51293.2020.9216351.
[25] Kumar G. Precision Water Irrigation System for Agriculture using IoT Framework. Int J Mod Agric 2021;10:718–24.
[26] D. Heredia Acevedo, Y. F. Ceballos, y G. Sanchez Torres, "Modelo de simulación de eventos discretos para el análisis y mejora del proceso de atención al cliente", Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías, vol. 8, n.º 2, pp. 44-61, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17081/invinno.8.2.3639
[27] K. Polo Bornachera., D.D. López Juvinao, and A. Henríquez Jaramillo, “Transferencia tecnológica para la producción limpia en la minería de materiales aluviales en La Guajira, Colombia,” Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías ., vol. 8, pp. 6–20, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17081/invinno.8.1.3535
[28] Yuan ZX, Kang LX, Xin ZL, Chao SY. Irrigation remote control system based on LoRa intelligence. J Phys Conf Ser 2020;1635:12067. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1635/1/012067.