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Análisis de la viabilidad y aplicación de un coagulante combinado a base de semillas de moringa oleífera en el tratamiento de aguas

Daniel Fernando Erazo
Universidad del Valle
Adriana Katerine Niño Vargas
Universidad del Valle
Diego Alejandro Nunez Vallejos
Universidad del Valle
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Objetivo: Hacer un análisis de viabilidad técnica de un biocoagulante derivado de semillas de Moringa oleífera, como una alternativa para reducir el consumo de sales inorgánicas, aprovechando el efecto combinado de coagulantes inorgánicos y biocoagulantes. Metodología: Para llevar a cabo este estudio, se empleó un diseño factorial 4x2 en el cual se disolvió el biocoagulante combinado en diferentes concentraciones de cloruro de sodio (0.25M, 0.5M y, 0.75M) con el objetivo de determinar la eficiencia en la eliminación de turbiedad, color y potencial Z en distintos niveles de combinación de biocoagulante y sulfato de aluminio. Resultados: Los resultados señalaron que el polvo de Moringa (MO), al interactuar con otros compuestos mediante adsorción, puentes y complejos, facilita la coagulación, promoviendo la formación de flocs. Además, se observó que al diluir el polvo en solución salina de 0.75 M se obtiene un biocoagulante que conserva parte de los componentes activos, pese a la degradación parcial de algunas proteínas. En contraste, con una concentración de sal de 0.5 M y una combinación de sulfato de aluminio y Moringa oleífera de 50/50, se lograron remociones de hasta un 98% de turbiedad y color. Conclusión: Se evidenció el alto potencial del coagulante combinado para reducir la turbiedad y el color en el agua con un menor requerimiento de sales inorgánicas. Sin embargo, se observó una limitación en la vida útil del biocoagulante, lo que sugiere la necesidad de investigar métodos para prolongar su conservación.

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Cómo citar
[1]
D. F. Erazo, A. K. Niño Vargas, y D. A. Nunez Vallejos, «Análisis de la viabilidad y aplicación de un coagulante combinado a base de semillas de moringa oleífera en el tratamiento de aguas », Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías, vol. 12, n.º 2, sep. 2024.

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