Energy efficiency of a crude oil pipeline: assessment of operation and maintenance practices following ISO 50001
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17081/invinno.13.1.7836Palabras clave:
Línea base energética, variable controlable, CO2 equivalente, limpieza de oleoductos, factor de fricción, combinación de bombasResumen
Objetivo : analizar el impacto de las prácticas O&M en la eficiencia energética de un oleoducto colombiano utilizando las directrices de la norma ISO 50001:2018. Metodología: Datos con más de 80 variables de un año de operación (período base) fueron analizados, definiendo las áreas de uso significativo de la energía (SEU). Una Línea Base Energética (EnB) fue propuesta utilizando regresión lineal con las variables no controlables (NCVs), sin inclusión de las variables controlables (CVs). Una Línea Objetivo Energética (EnG) fue definida mediante regresión con los puntos debajo de la EnB. Las O&M evaluadas incluyeron priorización de bombas eficientes y aumento en la frecuencia de pigging durante un período de monitoreo (ocho meses). Un Indicador (EnPI) cuantificó los ahorros energéticos. Resultados: el consumo energético de las SEU resultó influido en un 80% por las CVs y en un 20% por las NCVs. Los modelos EnB y EnG mostraron una relación polinómica de segundo orden con una combinación lineal de las NCVs (flujo normalizado). Los ahorros potenciales de energía fueron del 3,7%, atribuidos a fluctuaciones de las NCVs y las O&M del período base. El EnPI reportó ahorros de 1.003,6 MWh, representando una reducción del 27% comparado con el período base. Los beneficios anuales de las prácticas de O&M estimó ahorros de 1.560,39 MWh (259,02 tCO2-eq y $153.529,37 USD). Conclusiones: la integración del monitoreo de los consumos energéticos y prácticas O&M conlleva a beneficios energéticos, económicos y ambientales, estableciendo los fundamentos para una mejora continua en los procesos de transporte de crudos.Citas
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