Characterization of the psychosocial risk factors that affect Major depressive disorder in adolescents

Abstract

Background: Depression is the mental disorder that affects the population and is also a major cause of disability in the world has become an increasingly common factor in the population, particularly in adolescents; a stage in life that has been considered risk to suffer depression.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, with a population of 120 teenage students from 12 to 19 years, a representative sample of 84 students was chosen, they were excluded those who did not meet the inclusion criteria for a total of 77 students. Underwent a semi structured survey designed for this purpose and are applied S.Q.R test for depression, Rosenberg test for self-esteem, Cage test for alcohol abuse and family APGAR for family functioning.   

Discussion: 19.5% with a presumptive diagnosis of depressive disorder, of which 60% have low self-esteem, 80% belong to a dysfunctional family and 20% consume alcohol was found.

Conclusion: as predisposing psychosocial factors are low self-esteem and belonging to a dysfunctional family but need further studies to determine the level of association of these factors with the presumptive diagnosis of depression in school adolescents.