Epidemiology of hand burns in a referral center in Colombia: Retrospective cohort
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17081/innosa.67Keywords:
Colombia, epidemiology, risk factor, prevention, burnsAbstract
Background: Hands are involved in more than 80% of all severe burns. The majority occur in lower resource locations, where prevention programs are exceptional.
Methods: analytic retrospective study of hand burns patients admitted to the burn unit from January 2013 to December 2017. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were perform for each outcome variable.
Results: 349 patients with hand burns were included, 60% men and 40% women, most of the inpatients aged from 0- 9 years. Scalds (40%), fire (27%) and contact (15,5%) were the major causes of hand burns. The mean total body surface area (TBSA) compromised was 3.9%, with a range of 0.5- 33% TBSA. Hand burns happened more commonly at home (58,7%). 71 patients (20%) required hand surgery. The mean length of stay was 14,2 days, and the range from 1 day to 108 days. In the multivariate analyses male gender, rural residence, burn extension and depth, were the most significant factors impacted on surgery.
Conclusion: the results of this study contribute to characterize the behavior of hand burns in Colombia. Children are a high risk group, burn prevention education would help to reduce the incidence of hand burns on northeast area of Colombia.
Downloads
References
Anzarut A, Chen M, Shankowsky H, et al. Quality-of life and outcome predictors following massive burn injury. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005; 116(3):791–797.
Arifi H, Ahmeti H, Zatriqi V, Buja S, Rexhaj Z, Arifi N. Epidemiology of burn injuries in Kosovo: a 10-year review. Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2017; 30(3):163–166.
Belliappa P, McCabe S. The burned hand. Hand Clin. 1993;9:313–24.
Bhansali CA, Gandhi G, Sahastrabudhe P, Panse N. Epidemiological study of burn injuries and its mortality risk factors in a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Burns. 2017; 25:62-66.
Brown M, Coffee T, Adenuga P, Yowler C. Outcomes of outpatient management of pediatric burns. J Burn Care Res. 2014; 35: pp. 388-394.
Choi M, Armstrong M, Panthaki Z. Pediatric hand burn: thermal, electrical, and chemical. J Craniofac Surge. 2009; 20(4):1045–1048.
Danielson J, Capelli M, Lee R. Upper extremity electrical injury. Hand Clin. 2000; 16:225–234.
Duke J, Wood F, Semmens J, Edgar D, Spilsbury K, Rea S. An assessment of burn injury hospitalisations of adolescents and young adults in Western Australia. Burns J Int Soc Burn Inj. 2012; 38:128–35. DOI 10.1016/j.burns.2011.02.008
Edstrom L, Robson M, Macchiaverna J, Scala A. Prospective randomized treatments for burned hands: nonoperative vs. operative. Preliminary report. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg. 1979; 13:131.
Engrav L, Dutcher K, Nakamura D. Rating burn impairment. Clin Plast Surg. 1992; 19:569–598.
Engrav L, Heimbach D, Reus J, et al. Early excision and grafting vs. nonoperative treatment of burns of indeterminant depth: a randomized prospective study. J Trauma. 1983; 23:1001.
Erdmann T. Tap water burn prevention: the effect of legislation. Pediatrics. 1991; 88:572–577
Forjuoh S. Burns in low- and middle-income countries: a review of available literature on descriptive epidemiology, risk factors, treatment, and prevention. Burns. 2006; 32:529.
Goodwin C, Maguire M, McManus W, Pruitt B Jr. Prospective study of burn wound excision of the hands. J Trauma. 1983; 23:510.
Hwee J, Song C, Tan K, Tan B, Chong S. The trends of burns epidemiology in a tropical regional burns centre. Burns: Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries. 2016; 42(3):682–686. DOI 10.1016/j.burns.2015.10.019
Kreymerman P, Andres L, Lucas H, et al. Reconstruction of the burned hand. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011; 127(2):752–759.
Macarthur C. Evaluation of Safe Kids Week 2001: prevention of scald and burn injuries in young children. Injury Prevention. 2003; 9:112–116.
Miller S, Jeng J, Bessey P, et al. National Burn Repository. Chicago, Ill: American Burn Association. 2005:1–51.
Ministerio de Salud Registro especial de prestadores de servicios de salud. Ministerio de salud, República de Colombia; 2015. http://201.234.78.38/habilitacion/
Mohammadi A, Bakhshaeekia A, Marzban S, et al. Early excision and skin grafting versus delayed skin grafting in deep hand burns (a randomised clinical controlled trial). Burns. 2011; 37:36
Ng D, Anastakis D, Douglas L, Peters W. Work related burns: A 6-year retrospective study. Burns. 1991; 17:151–154.
Ogada E, Gebreab A, Potokar T. Review of the epidemiology of burn injuries in Ethiopia; implications for study design and prevention. Burns. 2019. DOI 10.1016/j.burnso.2019.05.002
Palmieri T. Initial Management of Acute Pediatric Hand Burns. Hand Clin. 2009; 25(4):461–467. DOI 10.1016/j.hcl.2009.06.006
Peck M, Kruger G, van der Merwe A, et al. Burns and fires from non-electric domestic appliances in low and middle income countries Part I. The scope of the problem. Burns. 2008; 34:303.
Peck M. Epidemiology of Burns throughout the World. Part I Distribution and Risk Factors. Burns. 2011; 37, 1087-1100
Pegg S. Burn epidemiology in the Brisbane and Queensland area. Burns J Int Soc Burn Inj. 2005; 31(Suppl 1):S27–31. DOI 10.1016/j.burns.2004.10.004
Pegg S. Escharotomy in burns. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1992; 21:682–684.
Piccolo N, Piccolo M, Piccolo P, et al: Escharotomies, fasciotomies and carpal tunnel release in burn patients: review of the literature and presentation of an algorithm for surgical decision making. Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir. 2007; 39:161–167.
Pruitt B Jr, Dowling J, Moncrief J. Escharotomy in early burn care. Arch Surg. 1968; 96:502–507.
Ramirez C, et al. Infection in burn patients in a referral center in Colombia. Burns. 2017. DOI 10.1016/j.burns.2016.07.008
Richards, Winston T., et al. Acute Surgical Management of Hand Burns. Journal of Hand Surgery. 2014; 39(10): 2075-2085.
Rybarczyk M, Schafer J, Elm C, Sarvepalli S. A systematic review of burn injuries in low- and middle-income countries: Epidemiology in the WHO-defined African Region. Afr J Emerg Med. 2017; 7(1):30–37.
Schneider J, Holavanahalli R, Helm P, et al. Contractures in burn injury part II: investigating joints of the hand. J Burn Care Res. 2008; 29(4):606–13.
Sheridan RL, Hurley J, Smith MA, et al. The acutely burned hand: Management and outcome based on a ten-year experience with 1047 acute hand burns. J Trauma.1995; 38:406–411.
Shupp J, Pavlovich A, Jeng J, Pezzullo J, Oetgen W, Jaskille A, et al. Epidemiology of bloodstream infections in burn-injured patients: a review of the national burn repository. J Burn Care Res. 2010; 31:521–528.
Sinha S, Nuñez Martinez C, Hartley RL, Quintana Alvarez RJ, Yoon G, Biernaskie J, Nickerson D, Gabri Epidemiological analysis of pediatric burns in the Dominican Republic reveals a demographic profile at significant risk for electrical burns. Burns. 2018; 45(2), 471-478. DOI 10.1016/j.burns.2018.03.014
Smolle C, Cambiaso-Daniel J, Forbes A, et al. Recent trends in burn epidemiology worldwide: A systematic review. Burns. 2017; 43(2):249–257. DOI 10.1016/j.burns.2016.08.013
Tambuscio A, Governa M, Caputo G, Barisoni D. Deep burn of the hands: Early surgical treatment avoids the need for late revisions? Burns. 2006; 32:1000.
Van Zuijlen P, Kreis R, Vloemans A, et al. The prognostic factors regarding long-term functional outcome of full-thickness hand burns. Burns. 1999; 25:709.
Wang K, Sun Y, Wu G, Wang Y, Xia Z. Epidemiology and outcome analysis of hand burns: a 5-year retrospective review of 378 cases in a burn center in Eastern China. Burns. 2015; 41:1550–1555.
Wong E, Groen R, Kamara T, Stewart K. Burns in Sierra Leone: a population-based assessment. Burns. 2014; 40(8):1748–1753.
Ytterstad B, Sogaard A. The Harstad Injury Prevention Study: prevention of burns in small children by a community-based intervention. Burns. 1995, 21:259–266.
Zikaj G, Belba G, Xhepa G. Epidemiology of hand burn in Albania 2011-2016. Open access Maced.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Diego Fernando Alarcón Ariza, Genny Liliana Meléndez Flórez, Héctor Julio Meléndez Flórez
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
