Oral contraceptives as a factor associated with pituitary adenomas: Systematic review / meta-analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17081/innosa.153Keywords:
Contraceptives agents, prolactinoma, case control study OR cohort study, hyperprolactinemiaAbstract
Background: Pituitary adenomas are neoplasms that appear in the sella turcica, which appear a wide range of hormonal and proliferative behaviors, with a slow growth rate. Both estrogens and progestins in oral contraceptives often stimulate pituitary lactotropic cells, which can facilitate the development of hyperprolactinemia, along with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of these cells, and the development of pituitary tumors.
Objective: To establish the association between the use of oral contraceptives and the development of pituitary adenomas in women older than 18 years.
Materials and methods: A systematic literature review was performed. The searches were carried out by three researchers, using the databases of Pubmed / Medline, Science direct, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, BIREME, Redalyc, Scielo and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ).
Results: Three studies (573 cases and 794 controls) were included. The graphical forest of final results shows that the use of oral contraceptives is not associated with the presence or appearance of pituitary adenomas (OR 0.89 (95% CI 0.60 - 1.33).
Conclusions: There is no association between the use of oral contraceptives and the development of pituitary adenomas in women older than 18 years.
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